Every distinction begins with one topic at a time.- start now
Every other sector waits for the traveller to arrive. Transport is the sector that decides whether the traveller arrives at all.· why Section D is worth a quarter of the paper
Follow one school group from a Free State town to Gauteng and back. A chartered coach carries them up, the Gautrain runs them from the airport to Sandton without touching the traffic, a hired minibus does the day trips, and the last two learners fly home because of a sport fixture. Four transport decisions, four different cost structures, four sets of rules. That is the kind of thinking Question 7 asks for.
| Type of airline | How it works | Suits which traveller |
|---|---|---|
| Full-service (scheduled) airline | Flies a published timetable on fixed routes, several classes of cabin, meals, drinks and a checked-baggage allowance included in the fare, often flying long international routes through a hub | Business travellers and long-haul passengers who want comfort, connections and included extras |
| Low-cost carrier | Also flies a published timetable, but strips the fare to the seat alone: one cabin class, point-to-point routes, online booking, and separate charges for checked bags, seat selection and refreshments | Price-sensitive leisure travellers on short domestic hops who can travel light |
| Charter airline | The whole aircraft is hired for a specific group or a tour operator's package, so it flies when and where the client needs it rather than to a public timetable | Large tour groups, sports teams and holiday packages to a single resort area |
| Regional or feeder airline | Smaller aircraft linking smaller towns to the big hub airports, feeding passengers onto the main routes | Travellers from smaller centres connecting onto a national or international flight |
| Class of service | What the passenger gets | Typical use |
|---|---|---|
| Economy class | The standard seat, closest spacing, basic meal service on a full-service airline, smallest baggage allowance | Most leisure travel and short domestic flights |
| Business class | Wider seat with far more legroom, priority check-in and boarding, lounge access, better meals, larger baggage allowance | Business tourists who must arrive able to work |
| First class | The most private and spacious cabin, often a fully flat bed and a dedicated attendant, offered by only some airlines on some routes | Long-haul luxury travel |
| Term | What it means |
|---|---|
| Landside | The public part of the airport before the security control points, with the check-in counters and speed check-in kiosks |
| Airside | The secure part beyond the security control points, with the departure gates and lounges |
| Carousel (baggage claim area) | The moving belt where checked bags are collected after landing |
| Galley and cockpit | The galley is the aircraft kitchen; the cockpit is where the pilots sit |
| Wide-body and narrow-body | A wide-body aircraft has two aisles and a narrow-body has one; seats are described as aisle, window or emergency-exit seats |
| Airport technology | Baggage wrap, x-ray security scanners, biometric and thermal body scanners, metal detectors and information display boards |
| Rail and bus terms | Metrorail is commuter rail and Shosholoza Meyl is the tourist train; luxury trains include the Blue Train, Rovos Rail and the Shongololo Express; buses range from minibuses and coaches to megabuses, sleeper coaches and open-top sightseeing buses |
| Cruise terms | A cruise starts at a port and its cruise terminal; passengers sleep in state rooms (cabins) or suites on the decks |
| Road service | What it is | Strength | Limitation |
|---|---|---|---|
| Intercity luxury coach | A scheduled long-distance bus service running a published timetable between cities and towns, tickets sold per seat | Affordable, reaches towns that have no airport, no driving fatigue for the traveller | Slow over long distances, fixed departure times, strict luggage limits |
| Tour coach (charter) | The whole coach and driver are hired by a group or tour operator for a set itinerary | Door-to-door on the group's own schedule, the group stays together, one price for the vehicle | Only economical if the seats are filled; an empty coach costs the same as a full one |
| Shuttle service | A small vehicle transferring passengers between an airport, hotel, station or attraction, shared or private | Convenient short transfers, meets flights, no parking worries | Priced per trip or per person, so it adds up for a large group |
| Minibus taxi and metered taxi or e-hailing | Local point-to-point transport within a town or city | Cheap, frequent and everywhere | Routes and comfort vary, and few carry large tourist luggage well |
| Rail service | What it offers the tourist |
|---|---|
| Commuter rail | Short urban trips between suburbs and the city centre at low fares, used mainly by residents but useful to a budget traveller |
| Long-distance passenger rail | Overnight travel between major centres in a sitter class or a sleeper class, with sleeper passengers booking a coupé or a compartment and hiring bedding |
| Premier long-distance service | A more comfortable version of the same routes: fewer, better-appointed coaches, meals in a dining car, and a higher fare |
| Luxury tourist trains | The journey itself is the attraction. Suites with private bathrooms, fine dining, an observation car and off-train excursions, over routes such as the run between Pretoria and Cape Town. Fares are all-inclusive and high |
| Heritage and steam trains | Short nostalgic excursions behind restored locomotives, sold as a day outing rather than as transport |
| Line on the agreement | What it means |
|---|---|
| Daily rental rate | The basic charge per twenty-four-hour period for the vehicle group booked |
| Included kilometres | A distance allowance per day. Anything beyond it is billed per kilometre. An unlimited-kilometre rate costs more per day but removes that risk |
| Rate per extra kilometre | The charge for every kilometre driven above the included allowance |
| Collision damage waiver (CDW) | A daily fee that limits what the renter must pay if the vehicle is damaged. It is a waiver, not insurance, and it always leaves an excess |
| Theft loss waiver (TLW) | The same idea for the vehicle being stolen: it caps the renter's liability at the excess |
| Super waivers (SCDW and STLW) | A higher daily fee that reduces the excess, sometimes to nothing. It reduces what you would owe after an incident, it does not reduce the daily fee |
| Excess | The first amount the renter pays out of their own pocket when there is damage or theft, before the waiver takes over |
| Contract fee | A once-off administration charge for opening the rental agreement |
| Delivery and collection fee | Charged when the vehicle is brought to the client or fetched from them instead of being collected at a branch |
| One-way or drop-off fee | Charged when the vehicle is returned to a different branch from the one it left |
| Additional driver fee | Per extra person licensed to drive the vehicle under the agreement |
| Fuel policy | Usually full-to-full: return it full or pay the company's refuelling rate, which is dearer than a filling station |
| Tourism levy | A one percent levy that participating tourism businesses add to the bill and pay over to fund the marketing of South Africa as a destination |
| VAT | Value added tax at fifteen percent, added at the end on the taxable total |
A family hires a compact car for five days. The agreement reads: daily rate R450,00, included distance 200 km per day, extra kilometres at R2,80, super collision damage waiver R130,00 per day, once-off contract fee R60,00, delivery to the guest house R150,00. They return the car having driven 1 340 km. A one percent tourism levy and fifteen percent VAT apply.
Write it exactly like that. The marker awards a tick per credited line, so a learner who reaches the wrong grand total but shows every line still banks most of the marks, while a learner who writes only "R4 718,01" and slips a digit earns nothing.
Forty-five learners must travel from an inland town to a coastal city, roughly 900 km, for a four-day tour.
Notice the shape of the answer: compare on cost, compare on time, then recommend and justify. A recommendation with no reason scores nothing.
| Career | Sector | What the job actually involves | Requirements and key skills |
|---|---|---|---|
| Travel consultant | Support services | Advises clients, quotes and books flights, accommodation and transfers, builds the itinerary and handles changes | Matric with a travel and tourism qualification, computer reservation system training, product knowledge, patience, accurate written work |
| Tourist guide | Support services | Leads visitors at a site or on a tour, interprets nature, culture and history, manages the group's time and safety | An accredited guiding qualification, registration with the provincial registrar with a badge and identity card, first aid, strong general knowledge, a second or third language |
| Tour operator or product developer | Support services | Designs and prices packages, negotiates rates with airlines, lodges and transport suppliers, markets the product to agents | Tourism or business qualification, negotiation, costing and numeracy, market research skill |
| Flight attendant | Travel and transport | Runs the safety drills, cares for passengers on board, serves meals, deals with emergencies | Matric, minimum age and reach requirements, medical fitness, ability to swim, cabin-crew training, calm customer care |
| Airport check-in and ground agent | Travel and transport | Checks passengers in, weighs and tags baggage, issues boarding passes, manages the gate | Matric, airline systems training, shift work, composure under pressure |
| Coach or shuttle driver | Travel and transport | Drives the group safely, loads luggage, keeps to the itinerary and often doubles as the group's first point of contact | A valid licence for the vehicle class with a professional driving permit, route knowledge, punctuality, courtesy |
| Lodge or hotel manager | Accommodation | Runs the property: staff, bookings, budgets, guest satisfaction and supplier relationships | Hospitality management qualification, leadership, financial control, problem solving, long hours |
| Chef | Food and beverage | Plans menus, controls food cost and stock, prepares and presents meals, manages kitchen hygiene | Formal culinary training and practical experience, creativity, speed, food-safety knowledge, stamina |
| Conference and event coordinator | Conferences and events | Plans and runs conferences and functions from venue and catering to programme and delegates | Events or tourism qualification, organising ability, budgeting, negotiation, unshakeable attention to detail |
| Field guide or ranger | Attractions | Conducts game drives and walks, interprets wildlife and habitats, manages visitor safety in a reserve | Field-guiding qualification, rifle and first-aid competency, natural-science knowledge, comfort with early starts and remote living |
This is a free preview of Topic 1. The full guide has every topic, the self-marking quizzes, mock exams, planner, journal and wellbeing tools.
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Exam stress is completely normal. Here are a few things that actually work. None of this replaces a doctor or a trusted adult.
Box breathing: 4 counts in, 4 hold, 4 out, 4 hold. Do it four times.
Look at the worked example below first, then make your own. Tick off each topic as you finish it.
Example (already filled in)
| Date | Subject | Topic | Done |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mon 8 Jul | Tourism | Your weakest topic, notes + summary | ✓ |
| Tue 9 Jul | Tourism | Next topic + 10 practice questions | ✓ |
| Wed 10 Jul | Tourism | A full past paper under time | – |
| Thu 11 Jul | Tourism | Mark the paper, revise weak spots | – |
Your plan
| Date | Subject | Topic | Done |
|---|---|---|---|
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A winner is a loser who tried one more time.- keep going, all the way to the exam